三氟甲基侧取代氧、氮、硫杂大环化合物的合成和分子结构

合成了两个三氟甲基侧取代氧、氮、硫杂大环化合物（１、２），用ＩＲ、＾１ＨＮＭＲ、ＭＳ和元素分析作表征；用ＡＭ１方法计算了它们的电子结构，并根据计算结果给出了几何构型。     

氧氟沙星缓释药栓的研制及体外药物释放实验研究

研究可植入眼内的氧氟沙星缓药栓的体外药物缓释过程和效果。方法：将分子量各为６１２０和１２５５０的聚乳酸分别混载５％和１０％氧氟沙星制成药栓，并体外药物释放以及高效液相色谱法药物浓度测定。结果３０ｄ内氧氟沙星体外释放率为７０％－９０％，释药时间与滞物分子量呈正相关，结论：由氧氟沙星和聚乳酸制成的缓释药栓满足眼内炎治疗的基本要求。     

低甲醛释放脲醛树脂研究进展

从脲醛树脂胶粘剂的合成工艺、使用时加入添加剂、人造板的后处理等几个方面,综述了近几年来脲醛树脂及其胶接制品降低甲醛释放研究的新进展。     

土-箱基-框架结构动力相互作用体系试验研究

通过对1/2大比例模型的试验与仿真分析,研究了结构-箱基础-土体系的动力反应.将实测基频结果与基于刚性地基的仿真分析结果对比,发现实测结果小于有限元结果;但将实测基频结果与考虑相互作用的仿真分析结果对比,发现实测结果与仿真分析结果吻合,这说明土-箱基础-结构相互作用改变了结构体系的动力特性,使结构体系的自振周期延长,同时也验证了仿真分析的有效性.     

Function of controlled release fertilizer in maintaining high agronomic use efficiency and minimizing environmental pollution in rice field of southern China

Development and use of controlled release fertilizer （CRF） in southern China, potential advantages of CRF in increasing rice yield and nutrient use efficiency were introduced, as well as its role of minimizing rice field＇s environmental contamination was discussed. Meanwhile, some suggestions were proposed.     

Release Characteristics of Different N Forms in an Uncoated Slow/Controlled Release Compound Fertilizer

This study examined the release characteristics of different N forms in an uncoated slow/controlled-release compound fertilizer （UCRF） and the N uptake and N-use efficiency by rice plants. Water dissolution, soil leaching, and pot experiments were employed. The dynamics of N release from the UCRF could be quantitatively described by three equations： the first-order kinetics equation [N1=N0 （1-e^-kt）], Elovich equation （N1=a ＋ blnt）, and parabola equation （N1=a ＋ bt^0.5）, with the best fitting by the first-order kinetics equation for different N （r= 0.9569^＊＊-0.9999^＊＊）. The release potentials （No values estimated by the first-order kinetics equation） of different N in the UCRF decreased in the order of total N 〉 DON 〉 urea-N 〉 NH4^＋-N 〉 NO3^-N in water, and total N 〉 NH4^＋-N 〉 DON 〉 urea-N 〉 NO3^--N in soil, respectively, being in accordance with cumulative amounts of N release. The constants of N release rate （k values and b values） for different N forms were in decreasing order of total N 〉 DON 〉 NH4^＋-N 〉 NO3^--N in water, whereas the k values were urea- N 〉DON 〉 NH4^＋-N 〉 total N 〉 NO3^--N, and the b values were total N 〉 NH4^＋-N 〉 DON 〉 NO3^--N 〉 urea-N in soil. Compared with a common compound fertilizer, the N-use efficiency, N-agronomy efficiency, and N-physiological efficiency of the UCRF were increased by 11.4%, 8.32 kg kg^-1, and 5.17 kg kg^-1, respectively. The ratios of different N to total N in the UCRF showed significant correlation with N uptake by rice plants. The findings showed that the first-order kinetics equation [Nt=N0 （l-e^kt）] could be used to describe the release characteristics of different N forms in the fertilizer. The UCRF containing different N forms was more effective in facilitating N uptake by rice compared with the common compound fertilizer containing single urea-N form.     

生物可降解聚合物聚乳酸-聚三亚甲基碳酸酯的体内外降解和释药试验研究

在新型可降解材料聚乳酸-聚三亚甲基碳酸酯(PLA-PTMC)中加入含量约为30%的兽药恩诺沙星,于家兔体内、体外观察其降解和释药特性.结果发现,第10周时体外药物释放率约为80%,110 d时体外材料降解率约为48%;体内第6周时材料开始破碎,第10周时破碎完全.因此,PLA-PTMC是一种降解性、释药性及生物相容性均良好的外科用可降解材料.     

土壤中铝与各类型表面的吸附及释放机理的研究进展

综述了土壤中铝与各类型表面的吸附反应、铝的吸附对土壤和粘土矿物化学和物理性质的影响、以及土壤中铝的释放过程和机理。     

我国氟的土壤健康质量指标及评价方法的初步探讨

根据全国已经报道的地氟病发生率和土壤氟的相关资料,对我国氟的土壤环境质量指标与人体健康关系的研究进行了总结与分析,探讨了氟的土壤健康质量指标,包括我国土壤中全氟和水溶态氟的土壤环境质量指标确定和评价方法.     

鸡羽毛氮素释放规律及肥效研究

本文通过室内好气培养试验和盆栽试验,研究了不同细度、不同用量鸡羽毛在不同土壤上的无机氮释放规律及肥效。试验结果表明,好气培养2～3周内,羽毛无机氮释放速率和释放量均较高,羽毛中有15%～70%的氮以无机氮的形式释入出来。2～3周以后,羽毛无机氮的释放速率和释放量则显著下降。羽毛的细度、用量及土壤类型对羽毛无机氮的释放有显著的影响。在施氮量相同的情况下,施用羽毛和施用化肥对盆栽油菜可以起到相同的增产效果。